Bottles with Pointed Bottom

Ancient Tomb, Xian Banpo Museum

Starting from about 6,000 BC to 2,000 BC, the Neolithic Age marked the end of the Stone Age in Chinese history. During this period, great changes took place in all aspects of life.

Human beings in the Neolithic Age no longer lived only by collecting foods directly from nature. Instead they began to take up agriculture production and raise livestock. Seeds were used to plant new vegetables and wild animals were domesticated and their meat cooked for food.

As for tools, grinding stones were widely used. This is regarded as the main feature of the Neolithic Age. The shapes of the tools were regular and they were easy to use.

Another aspect that delineates this age is the appearance of handcrafts such as wares made from pottery and jade, and weaving skills. Pottery wares were decoratively painted with different colors and made in various shapes. The handcraft industry was something that greatly enriched people's lives.

Clans, which were different communities made up of people having the same kin and ancestors, were formed. An animal or a plant was usually used as totem for each clan. Members of the same clan enjoyed the same status and belongings, and worked together with the fruits of their labors divided equally under the lead of the head of the clan.

Marriage also became monogamous. In a clan, marriages had to follow strict stipulations. Juniors were not allowed to marry their elders, and cousins were forbidden to marry.

The Neolithic Age is the headspring of the ancient Chinese culture, and marks economic and cultural advancement in Chinese history, and a new development of human society.

Gourd-shaped Vase Xian Banpo Museum

Pottery unearthed in Xian Banpo Museum