Covering an area of 106 square kilometers (about 26193 acres),
Mt. Panshan Scenic Area is located in Jixian County, 110 kilometers
(68.4 miles) away from Tianjin, 88 kilometers (54.7 miles) away
from Beijing. As the name suggests, the scenic area is mainly
Mt Panshan–oriented. Endowed with natural beauty and a historical
heritage, Mt Panshan is known as 'The First Mountain East of Beijing'
and is listed as one of the top fifteen mountains in China.
The mountain acquired its present name, early in the Eastern
Han (25-220). Taizong
, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), was prodigal
of his praise of its scenery on his chance visit when he led the
army in a campaign. Seventy-two temples, thirteen pagodas and
numerous Xanadus and towers were built on the mountain in the
Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Qianlong,
a brilliant and wise Qing Dynasty emperor was so impressed that
he made thirty or so visits and wrote 1366 poems to express his
admiration of the area. In the first half of the twentieth century,
the whole resort all fell to ruin due to hostilities and neglect.
It has undergone a process of restoration since the 1990s and
is now regaining its fame.
It is famous for jade pine trees, strange and astonishing peaks,
clear waters, grotesquely shaped rocks and clusters of ancient
temples. On the mountaintop, numerous pines hide the sky from
view and block out the sunshine. Rugged rocks in a variety of
shapes, some of which resemble a toad, a general or a boa, will
greet you in the middle of the mountain. At its foot, clear water
splashes on the rocks. The mountain consists of five peaks, with
the main one, Guayue (Moon Hanging) Peak. Although Guayue Peak
is only 857 meters (2811.7 feet) above sea level, to the north
it is possible to see a section of the Great
Wall while to the west Mt Taihang can be seen.
From the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280)
onwards, emperors enthusiastically commissioned the building of
temples, towers and Xanadus resulting in over 160 such sites.
There are four main temples: Tiancheng Temple (God Proposing Temple),
Yunzhao Temple (Cloud-Hiding Temple), Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha
Temple) and Wansong Temple (Ten Thousand-Pine Temple). Tiancheng
Temple built in the Tang Dynasty, was enlarged and repaired in
the Ming and the Qing dynasties. To the east of this temple stands
the Ancient Dagoba. As the biggest tower in this mountain, it
has thirteen floors. The roof of the Yunzhao Temple was a golden
yellow, a color that normally was only allowed to be used on imperial
buildings. By granting permission for this, Emperor Qianlong demonstrated
his approval and admiration of the mountain. Wanfo Temple (Ten
Thousand-Buddha Temple) has 10,960 small Buddhas statues.