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After an applicant is granted a visa, they should use the time to complete any other procedures required for leaving their own country before the visa's period of validity expires. But if they are unable to depart for the target country within that period, such as being hospitalized or other unforeseen events due to the force majeure, then you should take the related materials as proof to the embassy and consulate of your target country stationed in your own country and apply for a visa extension. If the visa's expiration date is not long passed, then your application will be granted, or you will fail to get the visa extension.

In normal conditions, the applicant should arrive in and leave the target country within the period of the visa's validity. Otherwise, you overstaying will be deemed as illegal residence, the consequences of which are you may be fined, interned or deported. However, if there are special reasons for your visa extension application, you should go to the immigrant organization in your target country and ask for the visa extension prior to the time of your visas expiration date. If the period of validity and the duration of stay are all expired and you still do not leave this country, you should request for the visa extension immediately with all necessary and valid documentation.