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the various Han cuisines, the other 55 ethnic groups each have their
own. With their peculiar religions and geographical zones, their
diets differ respectively and are full of interest.
Hui Cuisine
The Hui ethnic group possesses the most Muslims,
which influences the cuisine greatly and makes it the representative
of the Chinese Muslim food. With a long history, Hui cuisine embodies
the life habit - cleanness. Their diet never involves pig meat,
the meat of non-ruminating animals, fierce animals and their blood.
But those meats that are allowed and which have been prepared under
the auspices of an imam can be made into delicious dishes. Muslims
are not allowed to smoke or drink wines, but encouraged to enjoy
teas. When there are guests come to visit, welcoming hosts will
produce tea together with fruits and fried cakes. The tea can contain
sugar, Chinese wolfberry, sesame, red Chinese date, longan, and
raisins, which are rich in nutrition.
There are four main characteristics of Hui Cuisine.
Most of the staple food is made of flour rather than rice, and can
have many forms. Sweeteners play an important role in the meals
- these people tend to add honey or sugar to their dishes. Hui people
like eating beef and mutton which also stimulate the appetite and
are nourishing. One of the typical meals is roast mutton. They have
also renovated and adapted aspects of Han cuisine - for example
dumplings in a sour soup is one of their favorites.
Tibetan Cuisine
Tibetan cuisine includes Zanba (roasted highland
qingke barley flour), meat, and milk products. The products reflect
the differences between the various pastoral and farming areas.
Favored by all are vegetables such as cabbages and wine made from
qingke barley and corn.
Although
Tibetan cuisine has no real classified styles, it can be roughly
divided into four typical flavors: Ngari's Qiang Cuisine, Lhasa's
Lhasa cuisine, Nyingchi's Rong cuisine and the Court Cuisine that
comprises dishes common among the former aristocrats of Tibet. In
total there are some 200 or more recipes. Qiang cuisine caters for
the people who live in the pastoral area with a high altitude. The
food preparation pays particular heed to helping people cope with
the very cold climate. Examples of produce are cheese, acidulous
milk, butter and stock made from boiled cattle hoofs. The latter
being something akin to the calf's foot jelly prepared in the West.
Lhasa cuisine uses a wide range of ingredients and is cooked in
many different ways. Carbonade with radish, boiled mutton, beef
catsup are all popular dishes. Rong Cuisine is found in southeast
Tibet where there is a lower altitude. Wild fungi and mushrooms
are readily available and used to flavor food. Court cuisine is
a quintessential art using the best traditions of Tibetan dietary
skills and cooking methods for a wide variety of different produce
in order to serve attractive and flavorsome dishes.
Specialties are yoghourt made from yak milk which
is also used to produce excellent and famed cheeses. Zanba in Lhasa
and a particularly excellent recipe for stewed chicken with mushrooms
in Nyingchi, and so on
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